Git的安装及操作代码
一、Git的安装:
1.下载
Git官方下载地址:https://git-scm.com/downloads
2.安装
更改安装目录,无脑下一步
3.初始化设置
(1)Win+R打开命令提示框
(2)输入
git config --global user.name "用户名"
git config --global user.email "邮箱"
git config --list(3)若出现以下信息,说明初始化设置成功
core.symlinks=false
core.autocrlf=true
core.fscache=true
color.diff=auto
color.status=auto
color.branch=auto
color.interactive=true
help.format=html
rebase.autosquash=true
http.sslbackend=openssl
http.sslcainfo=D:/Git/mingw64/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
credential.helper=manager
user.name=你填写的用户名
user.email=你填写的邮箱二、建立Git仓库:
1.新建一个项目文件夹
如建立Initialized empty Git repository in E:/MyGitProject/.git/文件夹
2.在命令提示框里输入
E:
cd MyGitProject
git init如出现Initialized empty Git repository in E:/MyGitProject/.git/则说明仓库已创建
3.在命令提示框里输入git add README.md,填写项目介绍,注意使用UTF-8无BOM编码格式
4.在命令提示框里输入
git commit -m "add a readme file"提交文件至暂存区域 如出现
[master (root-commit) 552c5d6] add a readme file
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
create mode 100644 README.md说明正常
Tips: 【将工作目录的文件放到Git仓库只需要两步: git add 文件名 git commit -m “你做了什么”】
三、查看状态
1.在命令提示框中输入
git status如出现
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean说明你在master的分支里,工作目录未更新
如出现
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
LICENSE
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)说明你的工作目录已更新,但未上传至暂存区,可通过git add
如出现
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: LICENSE
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")说明工作区与暂存区该文件不一致,可使用git add
四、查看历史提交
1.在命令提示框中输入
git log如出现
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
E:\MyGitProject>git log
commit dabadbee2cde93a8c73ce611e7813aabcf920ee6 (HEAD -> master)
Author: Luyuxuan1998 <2575837178@qq.com>
Date: Sat Apr 20 12:30:28 2019 +0800
change the License file
commit f18f10ee646bb1909258434bed402f0d34506212
Author: Luyuxuan1998 <2575837178@qq.com>
Date: Sat Apr 20 12:25:13 2019 +0800
add a LICENSE file
commit 552c5d616a8f9006c93951c98e74c46b42ab75be
Author: Luyuxuan1998 <2575837178@qq.com>
Date: Sat Apr 20 12:03:01 2019 +0800
add a README file则说明进行了三次版本提交,并能够查看更改人的信息与更改的备注
五、返回过去
(1)回滚:
git reset --mixed HEAD~
git reset --soft HEAD~
git reset --hard HEAD~(2)回滚个别文件
git reset 版本快照 文件名/路径(3)回滚至比当前版本新的版本
git reset 版本快照的ID号